751 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
751 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
---
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globs: backend/api/**/*.api
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alwaysApply: false
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---
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# 后端 API 开发规则
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## 🔄 API 开发工作流
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### 1. 需求分析
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- 明确API功能和参数
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- 确定请求/响应格式
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- 考虑错误处理场景
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### 2. API 定义 (.api文件)
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在 `backend/api/desc/` 目录下定义:
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```api
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// photo.api
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syntax = "v1"
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info(
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title: "Photography Photo API"
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desc: "照片管理相关API"
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author: "iriver"
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email: "iriver@example.com"
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version: "v1"
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)
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import "common.api"
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type (
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UploadPhotoRequest {
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Title string `form:"title"`
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Description string `form:"description,optional"`
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CategoryId string `form:"category_id,optional"`
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File string `form:"file"`
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}
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UploadPhotoResponse {
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Id string `json:"id"`
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Title string `json:"title"`
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Filename string `json:"filename"`
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Thumbnail string `json:"thumbnail"`
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CreatedAt string `json:"created_at"`
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}
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UpdatePhotoRequest {
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Id string `path:"id"`
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Title string `json:"title,optional"`
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Description string `json:"description,optional"`
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CategoryId string `json:"category_id,optional"`
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}
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)
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@server(
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group: photo
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prefix: /api/v1
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)
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service photography-api {
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@doc "上传照片"
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@handler uploadPhoto
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post /photos (UploadPhotoRequest) returns (UploadPhotoResponse)
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@doc "更新照片信息"
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@handler updatePhoto
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put /photos/:id (UpdatePhotoRequest) returns (BaseResponse)
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@doc "删除照片"
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@handler deletePhoto
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delete /photos/:id (IdPathRequest) returns (BaseResponse)
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@doc "获取照片详情"
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@handler getPhoto
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get /photos/:id (IdPathRequest) returns (PhotoResponse)
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@doc "获取照片列表"
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@handler getPhotoList
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get /photos (PhotoListRequest) returns (PhotoListResponse)
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}
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```
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### 3. 代码生成
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```bash
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cd backend
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make api
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```
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### 4. Handler 实现模式
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```go
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func (h *UploadPhotoHandler) UploadPhoto(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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var req types.UploadPhotoRequest
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if err := httpx.Parse(r, &req); err != nil {
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httpx.ErrorCtx(r.Context(), w, err)
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return
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}
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l := photo.NewUploadPhotoLogic(r.Context(), h.svcCtx)
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resp, err := l.UploadPhoto(&req, r)
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response.Response(w, resp, err)
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}
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```
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### 5. Logic 实现模式
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```go
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) UploadPhoto(req *types.UploadPhotoRequest, r *http.Request) (resp *types.UploadPhotoResponse, err error) {
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// 1. 参数验证
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if err = l.validateRequest(req); err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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// 2. 获取上传文件
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fileHeader, err := l.getUploadFile(r)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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// 3. 文件处理
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savedPath, thumbnail, err := l.processFile(fileHeader)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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// 4. 数据持久化
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photo, err := l.savePhoto(req, savedPath, thumbnail)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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// 5. 构造响应
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return l.buildResponse(photo), nil
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}
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```
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## 📋 API 接口规范
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### 请求规范
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```go
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// 路径参数
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type IdPathRequest {
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Id string `path:"id"`
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}
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// 查询参数
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type PhotoListRequest {
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Page int `form:"page,default=1"`
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Limit int `form:"limit,default=10"`
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CategoryId string `form:"category_id,optional"`
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Keyword string `form:"keyword,optional"`
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}
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// JSON请求体
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type UpdatePhotoRequest {
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Title string `json:"title,optional"`
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Description string `json:"description,optional"`
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CategoryId string `json:"category_id,optional"`
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}
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// 文件上传 (multipart/form-data)
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type UploadPhotoRequest {
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Title string `form:"title"`
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File string `form:"file"`
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}
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```
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### 响应规范
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```go
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// 基础响应
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type BaseResponse {
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Code int `json:"code"`
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Msg string `json:"msg"`
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Data any `json:"data"`
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}
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// 单个资源响应
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type PhotoResponse {
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BaseResponse
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Data Photo `json:"data"`
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}
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// 列表响应
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type PhotoListResponse {
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BaseResponse
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Data PhotoListData `json:"data"`
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}
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type PhotoListData {
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List []Photo `json:"list"`
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Total int `json:"total"`
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Page int `json:"page"`
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Limit int `json:"limit"`
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}
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```
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## 🧪 API 测试策略
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### 1. 手动测试 (curl)
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```bash
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# 健康检查
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curl -X GET "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/health"
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# 用户登录
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curl -X POST "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/auth/login" \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d '{"username":"admin","password":"123456"}'
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# 上传照片
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curl -X POST "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos" \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
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-F "title=测试照片" \
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-F "description=这是一张测试照片" \
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-F "file=@test.jpg"
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# 获取照片列表
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curl -X GET "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos?page=1&limit=10" \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
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# 更新照片
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curl -X PUT "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos/123" \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d '{"title":"更新后的标题"}'
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# 删除照片
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curl -X DELETE "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos/123" \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
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```
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### 2. HTTP文件测试
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创建 `test_api.http` 文件:
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```http
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### 登录获取token
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POST http://localhost:8888/api/v1/auth/login
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Content-Type: application/json
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{
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"username": "admin",
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"password": "123456"
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}
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### 设置变量
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@token = {{login.response.body.data.token}}
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### 上传照片
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POST http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos
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Authorization: Bearer {{token}}
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Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=boundary
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--boundary
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Content-Disposition: form-data; name="title"
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测试照片标题
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--boundary
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Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="test.jpg"
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Content-Type: image/jpeg
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< ./test.jpg
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--boundary--
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### 获取照片列表
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GET http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos?page=1&limit=5
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Authorization: Bearer {{token}}
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```
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## 🛡️ 安全和验证
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### 认证验证
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```go
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// 获取当前用户ID
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) getCurrentUserID() (string, error) {
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userID := l.ctx.Value("userID")
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if userID == nil {
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return "", errors.New("用户未认证")
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}
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return userID.(string), nil
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}
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```
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### 参数验证
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```go
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) validateRequest(req *types.UploadPhotoRequest) error {
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if req.Title == "" {
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return errorx.NewDefaultError("照片标题不能为空")
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}
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if len(req.Title) > 100 {
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return errorx.NewDefaultError("照片标题不能超过100个字符")
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}
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return nil
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}
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```
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### 文件验证
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```go
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) validateFile(fileHeader *multipart.FileHeader) error {
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// 文件大小验证
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if fileHeader.Size > file.MaxFileSize {
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return errorx.NewDefaultError("文件大小不能超过10MB")
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}
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// 文件类型验证
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if !file.IsImageFile(fileHeader.Filename) {
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return errorx.NewDefaultError("只支持图片文件")
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}
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return nil
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}
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```
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## 📊 错误处理
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### 标准错误响应
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```go
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// 参数错误
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(400, "参数错误")
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// 认证错误
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(401, "未认证")
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// 权限错误
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(403, "权限不足")
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// 资源不存在
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(404, "照片不存在")
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// 服务器错误
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(500, "服务器内部错误")
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```
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### 业务错误处理
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```go
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) handleBusinessError(err error) error {
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switch {
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case errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows):
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return errorx.NewCodeError(404, "资源不存在")
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case strings.Contains(err.Error(), "duplicate"):
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return errorx.NewCodeError(409, "资源已存在")
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default:
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logx.Errorf("业务处理失败: %v", err)
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return errorx.NewCodeError(500, "处理失败")
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}
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}
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```
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## 🔧 开发工具
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### Makefile 命令
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```makefile
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# 生成API代码
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api:
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goctl api go -api api/desc/photography.api -dir ./
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# 启动服务
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run:
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go run cmd/api/main.go
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# 构建
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build:
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go build -o bin/photography-api cmd/api/main.go
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# 测试
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test:
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go test ./...
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```
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### 调试技巧
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```go
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// 添加调试日志
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logx.Infof("处理上传照片请求: %+v", req)
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logx.Errorf("文件保存失败: %v", err)
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// 检查请求context
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userID := l.ctx.Value("userID")
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logx.Infof("当前用户: %v", userID)
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```
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当前API开发状态参考 [TASK_PROGRESS.md](mdc:TASK_PROGRESS.md)。
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# 后端 API 开发规则
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## 🔄 API 开发工作流
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|
### 1. 需求分析
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- 明确API功能和参数
|
|
- 确定请求/响应格式
|
|
- 考虑错误处理场景
|
|
|
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### 2. API 定义 (.api文件)
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在 `backend/api/desc/` 目录下定义:
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|
|
```api
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// photo.api
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syntax = "v1"
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info(
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title: "Photography Photo API"
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desc: "照片管理相关API"
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author: "iriver"
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email: "iriver@example.com"
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version: "v1"
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)
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import "common.api"
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type (
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UploadPhotoRequest {
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Title string `form:"title"`
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Description string `form:"description,optional"`
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CategoryId string `form:"category_id,optional"`
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File string `form:"file"`
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}
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UploadPhotoResponse {
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Id string `json:"id"`
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Title string `json:"title"`
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Filename string `json:"filename"`
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Thumbnail string `json:"thumbnail"`
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CreatedAt string `json:"created_at"`
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}
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UpdatePhotoRequest {
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Id string `path:"id"`
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Title string `json:"title,optional"`
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Description string `json:"description,optional"`
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CategoryId string `json:"category_id,optional"`
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}
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)
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@server(
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group: photo
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prefix: /api/v1
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)
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service photography-api {
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@doc "上传照片"
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@handler uploadPhoto
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post /photos (UploadPhotoRequest) returns (UploadPhotoResponse)
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@doc "更新照片信息"
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@handler updatePhoto
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put /photos/:id (UpdatePhotoRequest) returns (BaseResponse)
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@doc "删除照片"
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@handler deletePhoto
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delete /photos/:id (IdPathRequest) returns (BaseResponse)
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@doc "获取照片详情"
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@handler getPhoto
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get /photos/:id (IdPathRequest) returns (PhotoResponse)
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@doc "获取照片列表"
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@handler getPhotoList
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get /photos (PhotoListRequest) returns (PhotoListResponse)
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}
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```
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### 3. 代码生成
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```bash
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cd backend
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make api
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```
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|
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### 4. Handler 实现模式
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```go
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func (h *UploadPhotoHandler) UploadPhoto(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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var req types.UploadPhotoRequest
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if err := httpx.Parse(r, &req); err != nil {
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httpx.ErrorCtx(r.Context(), w, err)
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return
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}
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l := photo.NewUploadPhotoLogic(r.Context(), h.svcCtx)
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resp, err := l.UploadPhoto(&req, r)
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response.Response(w, resp, err)
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}
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```
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### 5. Logic 实现模式
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```go
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) UploadPhoto(req *types.UploadPhotoRequest, r *http.Request) (resp *types.UploadPhotoResponse, err error) {
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// 1. 参数验证
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if err = l.validateRequest(req); err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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// 2. 获取上传文件
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fileHeader, err := l.getUploadFile(r)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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// 3. 文件处理
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savedPath, thumbnail, err := l.processFile(fileHeader)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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// 4. 数据持久化
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photo, err := l.savePhoto(req, savedPath, thumbnail)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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// 5. 构造响应
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return l.buildResponse(photo), nil
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}
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```
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## 📋 API 接口规范
|
|
|
|
### 请求规范
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|
```go
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// 路径参数
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type IdPathRequest {
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Id string `path:"id"`
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}
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|
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// 查询参数
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type PhotoListRequest {
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Page int `form:"page,default=1"`
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Limit int `form:"limit,default=10"`
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CategoryId string `form:"category_id,optional"`
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Keyword string `form:"keyword,optional"`
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}
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// JSON请求体
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type UpdatePhotoRequest {
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Title string `json:"title,optional"`
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Description string `json:"description,optional"`
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CategoryId string `json:"category_id,optional"`
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}
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|
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// 文件上传 (multipart/form-data)
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type UploadPhotoRequest {
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Title string `form:"title"`
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File string `form:"file"`
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}
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```
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### 响应规范
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```go
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// 基础响应
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type BaseResponse {
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Code int `json:"code"`
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Msg string `json:"msg"`
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|
Data any `json:"data"`
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}
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// 单个资源响应
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type PhotoResponse {
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BaseResponse
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Data Photo `json:"data"`
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}
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// 列表响应
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type PhotoListResponse {
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BaseResponse
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Data PhotoListData `json:"data"`
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}
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type PhotoListData {
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List []Photo `json:"list"`
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Total int `json:"total"`
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Page int `json:"page"`
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Limit int `json:"limit"`
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}
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```
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|
|
## 🧪 API 测试策略
|
|
|
|
### 1. 手动测试 (curl)
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```bash
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# 健康检查
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curl -X GET "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/health"
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# 用户登录
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curl -X POST "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/auth/login" \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d '{"username":"admin","password":"123456"}'
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# 上传照片
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curl -X POST "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos" \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
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-F "title=测试照片" \
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-F "description=这是一张测试照片" \
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-F "file=@test.jpg"
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# 获取照片列表
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curl -X GET "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos?page=1&limit=10" \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
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# 更新照片
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curl -X PUT "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos/123" \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" \
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-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
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-d '{"title":"更新后的标题"}'
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# 删除照片
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curl -X DELETE "http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos/123" \
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-H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
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```
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### 2. HTTP文件测试
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创建 `test_api.http` 文件:
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```http
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### 登录获取token
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POST http://localhost:8888/api/v1/auth/login
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Content-Type: application/json
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{
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"username": "admin",
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"password": "123456"
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}
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### 设置变量
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@token = {{login.response.body.data.token}}
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### 上传照片
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POST http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos
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Authorization: Bearer {{token}}
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Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=boundary
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--boundary
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Content-Disposition: form-data; name="title"
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测试照片标题
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--boundary
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Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="test.jpg"
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Content-Type: image/jpeg
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< ./test.jpg
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--boundary--
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### 获取照片列表
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GET http://localhost:8888/api/v1/photos?page=1&limit=5
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Authorization: Bearer {{token}}
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```
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## 🛡️ 安全和验证
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### 认证验证
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```go
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// 获取当前用户ID
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) getCurrentUserID() (string, error) {
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userID := l.ctx.Value("userID")
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if userID == nil {
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return "", errors.New("用户未认证")
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}
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return userID.(string), nil
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}
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```
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### 参数验证
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```go
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) validateRequest(req *types.UploadPhotoRequest) error {
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if req.Title == "" {
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return errorx.NewDefaultError("照片标题不能为空")
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}
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if len(req.Title) > 100 {
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return errorx.NewDefaultError("照片标题不能超过100个字符")
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}
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return nil
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}
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```
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### 文件验证
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```go
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) validateFile(fileHeader *multipart.FileHeader) error {
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// 文件大小验证
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if fileHeader.Size > file.MaxFileSize {
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return errorx.NewDefaultError("文件大小不能超过10MB")
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}
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// 文件类型验证
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if !file.IsImageFile(fileHeader.Filename) {
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return errorx.NewDefaultError("只支持图片文件")
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}
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return nil
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}
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```
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## 📊 错误处理
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### 标准错误响应
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```go
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// 参数错误
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(400, "参数错误")
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// 认证错误
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(401, "未认证")
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// 权限错误
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(403, "权限不足")
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// 资源不存在
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(404, "照片不存在")
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// 服务器错误
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return nil, errorx.NewCodeError(500, "服务器内部错误")
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```
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### 业务错误处理
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```go
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func (l *UploadPhotoLogic) handleBusinessError(err error) error {
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switch {
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case errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows):
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return errorx.NewCodeError(404, "资源不存在")
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case strings.Contains(err.Error(), "duplicate"):
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return errorx.NewCodeError(409, "资源已存在")
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default:
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logx.Errorf("业务处理失败: %v", err)
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return errorx.NewCodeError(500, "处理失败")
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}
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}
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```
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## 🔧 开发工具
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### Makefile 命令
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```makefile
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# 生成API代码
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api:
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goctl api go -api api/desc/photography.api -dir ./
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# 启动服务
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run:
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go run cmd/api/main.go
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# 构建
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build:
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go build -o bin/photography-api cmd/api/main.go
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# 测试
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test:
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go test ./...
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```
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### 调试技巧
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```go
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// 添加调试日志
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logx.Infof("处理上传照片请求: %+v", req)
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logx.Errorf("文件保存失败: %v", err)
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// 检查请求context
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userID := l.ctx.Value("userID")
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logx.Infof("当前用户: %v", userID)
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```
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当前API开发状态参考 [TASK_PROGRESS.md](mdc:TASK_PROGRESS.md)。
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